Students with disabilities
are protected from discrimination under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation
Act of 1973 and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990.
Recognizing that discrimination often occurs
as a result of attitudinal barriers and misconceptions regarding
the potential of persons with disabilities, these mandates presume
the U.S. Constitutional right to privacy, whether articulated in
the form of guidance or specific regulations as applied to the treatment
of disability related information.
Best Practices Regarding Confidentiality:
- The college must treat disability-related
information the same way as medical information. The new Health
Insurance Portability & Privacy Act (HIPPA) Law was designed
to protect the privacy of medical records and the patients they
pertain to. The information includes documentation required to
provide proof of disability and to request accommodations. Faculty
cannot demand access to the actual documentation, test scores,
counseling records, dates, or the names of the professionals who
provided such information.
- The disclosure of unnecessary, specific
disability-related information to those without a legal right
to know may have the unintended consequence of increasing the
institution’s and/or individual faculty member’s or
administrator’s vulnerability to charges of retaliation,
harassment, or animus (hostility).
- Under the Family Education Right to Privacy
Act (FERPA, or the Buckley Amendment), faculty may have access
to students’ educational records, but treatment and disability
records are exempt from that requirement.
What if there is a real need to know about a
disability?
The need and the extent of the disclosure of the
disability may need to be evaluated when issues related to safety
of the student or the impact of the disability on others’
safety is at issue. Faculty concerns can be addressed by the Disability
Services Office and, when necessary, accommodations made to meet
the standards of the program so that the student can proceed with
the degree. If that is not possible because of the safety issues
presented, the student may be deemed as not otherwise qualified
to participate in that program. Career development and other professional
support can be consulted to help the student transfer to another
major if possible.
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